Audio Applications of the
Short-Time Fourier Transform (STFT)

• Frequency-domain display of audio signals
• Fast (FFT) convolution
• Robust, time-varying, linear filtering
• Fourier analysis, modification, and resynthesis
• Musical sound synthesis via spectral modeling:
  • Additive synthesis using sinusoids
  • Sines + Noise modeling
  • Sines + Noise + Transients modeling
• Speech analysis and synthesis
• Vocoders
• Time scaling
• Pitch shifting (frequency scaling)
• Pitch (fundamental frequency) detection
• Noise reduction
• Audio compression (MPEG audio: .mp3, .m4a)
• Signal source separation in the frequency domain
• Computational Auditory Scene Analysis (CASA)
• Machine listening
• Music Information Retrieval (MIR)
• Music identification (Shazam)