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Sinusoids and Exponentials

This chapter provides an introduction to sinusoids, exponentials, complex sinusoids, and various associated terminology, such as exponential decay-time ``$ t_{60}$ '', in-phase and quadrature sinusoidal components, analytic signals, positive and negative frequencies, and constructive and destructive interference. The fundamental importance of sinusoids in the analysis of linear time-invariant systems is introduced. We also look at circular motion expressed as the vector sum of in-phase and quadrature sinusoidal motions. Both continuous and discrete-time sinusoids are considered. In particular, a sampled complex sinusoid is generated by successive powers of any complex number $ z$ .



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``Mathematics of the Discrete Fourier Transform (DFT), with Audio Applications --- Second Edition'', by Julius O. Smith III, W3K Publishing, 2007, ISBN 978-0-9745607-4-8
Copyright © 2024-02-20 by Julius O. Smith III
Center for Computer Research in Music and Acoustics (CCRMA),   Stanford University
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