Summary

Our historical tour touched upon the following milestones in audio spectral modeling, among others:

• Bernoulli's understanding of superimposed sinusoidal vibrations (1733)
• Fourier's theorem (1822)
• Helmholtz's understanding of the ear as a spectrum analyzer (1863)
• Telharmonium (1898)
• Hammond Organ (1934)
• Vocoder (1935)
• Voder (1937)
• Phase Vocoder (1966)
• Additive Synthesis in computer music (1969)
• FM Brass Synthesis (1970)
• Synclavier 8-bit FM/Additive synthesizer (1975)
• FM singing voice (1978)
• Yamaha DX-7 (1983)
• Sinusoidal Modeling (1977,1979,1985)
• Sines + Noise (1988)
• Sines + Noise + Transients (1988,1996,1998,2000)

Needless to say, there is much more that could be said regarding the time period covered above, and much more that could be added spanning the years since 2000. These are only some of the main highlights closest to the author's research.