Chopin Preludes, Op. 28

Found below are keyscapes for the 24 preludes of Op. 28. Each prelude is in a different key (12 major, 12 minor). The keyscapes of each column are made with different key-profile weightings. Click on a particular picture to view a larger version of it. Click on the name of the prelude on the left side of the plots to listen to a MIDI file version of the underlying music.

The "Majority Key" plots show color if three or more of the key weighting yield the same answer; otherwise black is displayed when the greatest agreement is between only two weightings and the rest choose other keys.

The Tonic Area column indicates the fraction of the keyscape which is coverted by the tonic key of the composition. For example, KP=0.872 in Prelude No. 1 means that the tonic key covers 87.2% of the analysis regions. The tonic area list is sorted by the weightings which yeild the strongest tonic coverage.

The Top-Level Key column lists the key analysis of the entire work as a single pitch histogram. The analysis is only printed in this column if it does not agree with the key of the piece.

Aarden
Weights
Bellman
Weights
Krumhansl
Weights
Simple
Weights
Kostka-Payne
Weights
Majority
Key
Tonic
Area
Top-Level
Key
Prelude No. 1
(C major)
KP=0.872
Ma=0.857
SS=0.846
Aa=0.835
BB=0.825
KK=0.371
Prelude No. 2
(A minor)
BB=0.241
Ma=0.212
KP=0.203
KK=0.175
SS=0.162
Aa=0.162
   KK:D Major
   KP:D Major
Prelude No. 3
(G major)
KP=0.627
Aa=0.607
Ma=0.578
SS=0.578
BB=0.527
KK=0.458
Prelude No. 4
(E minor)
SS=0.812
KP=0.668
BB=0.647
Ma=0.623
KK=0.493
Aa=0.484
Prelude No. 5
(D major)
KP=0.779
BB=0.774
SS=0.721
Ma=0.713
Aa=0.542
KK=0.408
Prelude No. 6
(B minor)
BB=0.831
KK=0.773
KP=0.736
Ma=0.730
Aa=0.678
SS=0.662
Prelude No. 7
(A major)
BB=0.865
Aa=0.861
Ma=0.857
KP=0.852
SS=0.842
KK=0.615
Prelude No. 8
(F♯ minor)
BB=0.652
KP=0.548
Ma=0.458
Aa=0.441
SS=0.324
KK=0.193
Prelude No. 9
(E major)
SS=0.409
KP=0.139
BB=0.128
Ma=0.118
Aa=0.106
KK=0.080
   Aa:E Minor
   BB:E Minor
   KK:E Minor
   KP:E Minor
   Ma:E Minor
Prelude No. 10
(C♯ minor)
BB=0.851
KP=0.806
Ma=0.803
Aa=0.795
SS=0.722
KK=0.388
Prelude No. 11
(B major)
BB=0.940
Aa=0.938
KP=0.925
Ma=0.917
SS=0.900
KK=0.677
Prelude No. 12
(G♯ minor)
BB=0.577
Aa=0.563
Ma=0.560
SS=0.545
KK=0.541
KP=0.521
Prelude No. 13
(F♯ major)
KP=0.890
Ma=0.870
BB=0.858
Aa=0.845
SS=0.837
KK=0.745
Prelude No. 14
(E♭  minor)
BB=0.600
KK=0.595
Aa=0.592
Ma=0.546
KP=0.522
SS=0.421
Prelude No. 15
(D♭  major)
Aa=0.390
SS=0.289
KP=0.237
Ma=0.230
BB=0.202
KK=0.016
   BB:D♭ Minor
   KK:G♯ Major
Prelude No. 16
(B♭  minor)
BB=0.719
SS=0.691
Aa=0.672
Ma=0.662
KK=0.599
KP=0.488
Prelude No. 17
(A♭  major)
SS=0.507
KK=0.335
KP=0.334
Ma=0.321
BB=0.245
Aa=0.226
Prelude No. 18
(F minor)
BB=0.711
KP=0.693
Ma=0.677
Aa=0.676
SS=0.672
KK=0.480
Prelude No. 19
(E♭  major)
KP=0.770
SS=0.741
Ma=0.735
BB=0.733
Aa=0.722
KK=0.598
Prelude No. 20
(C minor)
BB=0.863
KP=0.828
Aa=0.827
Ma=0.825
KK=0.801
SS=0.767
Prelude No. 21
(B♭  major)
KP=0.315
SS=0.305
Ma=0.282
KK=0.271
BB=0.240
Aa=0.221
   Aa:E♭ Minor
   BB:E♭ Minor
Prelude No. 22
(G minor)
KP=0.469
BB=0.459
Ma=0.379
KK=0.367
Aa=0.313
SS=0.299
Prelude No. 23
(F major)
BB=0.840
Aa=0.817
KP=0.772
Ma=0.766
SS=0.652
KK=0.382
   KK:C Major
Prelude No. 24
(D minor)
BB=0.549
Aa=0.548
Ma=0.464
KP=0.445
SS=0.434
KK=0.323

Functional Key Displays

The following plots use green for the tonic key, light blue for the dominant, yellow for the subdominant, red for the mediant, purple for the submediant, dark blue for the supertonic, and orange for the subtonic/leading tone.

The Tonic Area column indicates the fraction of the keyscape which is coverted by the tonic key of the composition (light green for major keys, dark green for minor keys). For example, KP=0.872 in Prelude No. 1 means that the tonic key covers 87.2% of the analysis regions. The tonic area list is sorted by the weightings which yeild the strongest tonic coverage.

The Top-Level Key column lists the key analysis of the entire work as a single pitch histogram. The analysis is only printed in this column if it does not agree with the key of the piece.

Aarden
Weights
Bellman
Weights
Krumhansl
Weights
Simple
Weights
Kostka-Payne
Weights
Majority
Key
Tonic
Area
Top-Level
Key
Prelude No. 1
(C major)
KP=0.872
Ma=0.857
SS=0.846
Aa=0.835
BB=0.825
KK=0.371
Prelude No. 2
(A minor)
BB=0.241
Ma=0.212
KP=0.203
KK=0.175
SS=0.162
Aa=0.162
   KK:D Major
   KP:D Major
Prelude No. 3
(G major)
KP=0.627
Aa=0.607
Ma=0.578
SS=0.578
BB=0.527
KK=0.458
Prelude No. 4
(E minor)
SS=0.812
KP=0.668
BB=0.647
Ma=0.623
KK=0.493
Aa=0.484
Prelude No. 5
(D major)
KP=0.779
BB=0.774
SS=0.721
Ma=0.713
Aa=0.542
KK=0.408
Prelude No. 6
(B minor)
BB=0.831
KK=0.773
KP=0.736
Ma=0.730
Aa=0.678
SS=0.662
Prelude No. 7
(A major)
BB=0.865
Aa=0.861
Ma=0.857
KP=0.852
SS=0.842
KK=0.615
Prelude No. 8
(F♯ minor)
BB=0.652
KP=0.548
Ma=0.458
Aa=0.441
SS=0.324
KK=0.193
Prelude No. 9
(E major)
SS=0.409
KP=0.139
BB=0.128
Ma=0.118
Aa=0.106
KK=0.080
   Aa:E Minor
   BB:E Minor
   KK:E Minor
   KP:E Minor
   Ma:E Minor
Prelude No. 10
(C♯ minor)
BB=0.851
KP=0.806
Ma=0.803
Aa=0.795
SS=0.722
KK=0.388
Prelude No. 11
(B major)
BB=0.940
Aa=0.938
KP=0.925
Ma=0.917
SS=0.900
KK=0.677
Prelude No. 12
(G♯ minor)
BB=0.577
Aa=0.563
Ma=0.560
SS=0.545
KK=0.541
KP=0.521
Prelude No. 13
(F♯ major)
KP=0.890
Ma=0.870
BB=0.858
Aa=0.845
SS=0.837
KK=0.745
Prelude No. 14
(E♭  minor)
BB=0.600
KK=0.595
Aa=0.592
Ma=0.546
KP=0.522
SS=0.421
Prelude No. 15
(D♭  major)
Aa=0.390
SS=0.289
KP=0.237
Ma=0.230
BB=0.202
KK=0.016
   BB:D♭ Minor
   KK:G♯ Major
Prelude No. 16
(B♭  minor)
BB=0.719
SS=0.691
Aa=0.672
Ma=0.662
KK=0.599
KP=0.488
Prelude No. 17
(A♭  major)
SS=0.507
KK=0.335
KP=0.334
Ma=0.321
BB=0.245
Aa=0.226
Prelude No. 18
(F minor)
BB=0.711
KP=0.693
Ma=0.677
Aa=0.676
SS=0.672
KK=0.480
Prelude No. 19
(E♭  major)
KP=0.770
SS=0.741
Ma=0.735
BB=0.733
Aa=0.722
KK=0.598
Prelude No. 20
(C minor)
BB=0.863
KP=0.828
Aa=0.827
Ma=0.825
KK=0.801
SS=0.767
Prelude No. 21
(B♭  major)
KP=0.315
SS=0.305
Ma=0.282
KK=0.271
BB=0.240
Aa=0.221
   Aa:E♭ Minor
   BB:E♭ Minor
Prelude No. 22
(G minor)
KP=0.469
BB=0.459
Ma=0.379
KK=0.367
Aa=0.313
SS=0.299
Prelude No. 23
(F major)
BB=0.840
Aa=0.817
KP=0.772
Ma=0.766
SS=0.652
KK=0.382
   KK:C Major
Prelude No. 24
(D minor)
BB=0.549
Aa=0.548
Ma=0.464
KP=0.445
SS=0.434
KK=0.323