Frequency Modulation
SuperCollider tutorial
go through the first very fast paced SuperCollider Tutorial
Materials
(the original paper by John Chowning is: "The Synthesis of Complex Audio Spectra by Means of Frequency Modulation". Journal of the Audio Engineering Society, 1973).
- Bill Schottstaedt's An Introduction To FM tutorial, very very good, with examples written in CLM
Concepts
- Simple Frequency Modulation
- Carriers, Modulators, Modulation Index
- Spectrum, Bessel functions
- Complex FM
- Parallel FM
- Cascade FM
- Feedback FM
Code Examples
- fmmod.sc
- very simple frequency modulation example
- simple-fm.sc
- simple frequency modulation with a control panel
- cascade-fm.sc
- feedback frequency modulation with a control panel
- feedback-fm.sc
- feedback frequency modulation with a control panel
some clasics...
- Michael Mc'Nabbs fm-bell.sc
- Dexter Morril's fm-trumpet.sc
- Bill Schottstaedt's fm-violin.sc (adapted to sc)
and a different approach (with a look at reverb) from Polishook's frequency modulation tutorial
Music Examples
a little bit of Bill's music
- Water Music I, 1985-86,
The first movement of „Water Music“ grew out of ist first note, a long FM violin note reverberated beyond any reasonable bound. The “out of tune” portions are actually based on a diatonic 13 tone tuning with occasional forays into 48 tone schemes. Although most composers interested in microtonal music say they are pursuing perfect consonances, the desire here is to create ear-catching dissonances. The underlying music is obviously tonal and diatonic.